Ever since the time of the Druids, many customs and traditions have evolved in celebration of Samhain (pronounced sau-an) - meaning the end of summer, which is New Year’s Day in the Celtic Calendar.
When Christianity came to Ireland, the church took a dim view of Druidic festivals and created the vigil of All Soul’s Evening or All Hallow’s Eve on October 31st, the Feast of All Saints on November 1st, and All Souls Day on November 2nd. All three days were regarded as one of the most important times of the year and were celebrated throughout Ireland with feasting, merrymaking and divination games on Halloween, the completion of farming activities by Samhain, and rituals out of respect and remembrance for departed kinfolk on All Souls Day.
In the old days, it was believed that on this night, hobgoblins, evil spirits and fairies travelled about the country in great numbers. For protection against fairy mischief, holy water was sprinkled on animals, food offerings were left outside the house, oatmeal and salt were put on the heads of children, iron or a dead ember from the fire were put in an infant’s cradle, and little ones were taught not to eat wild fruits on this night, or afterwards because it was believed that the Puca, a particularly nasty spirit, went about spitting on them.
It was also the custom to make a special cross called a Parshall. Two small sticks were laid crosswise and shafts of wheat were woven around the junction until the cross was secured. It was then hung over the door on the inside of the house to help protect the family from illness, bad luck and witchcraft until the next Halloween when a new cross would be made. The old cross would then be moved to another part of the house.
'Everyone has debts at Halloween' is an old Irish proverb and this was a time when people attempted to settle up. Workers were paid, as was the rent, and farm folk secured crops and livestock for the hard winter to come.
While the adults were completing these chores, children visited relatives and friends and were given gifts of apples and nuts. They also played lots of games. One very popular divination game called for all the unmarried young people to fasten an apple on a string and twirl it around before a fire. The one whose apple fell off first would be the first to marry; he or she whose apple remained until the end would die unwed. If an apple was peeled in one long strip, and the peeling is thrown back over the left shoulder, the shape it made as it lay on the ground showed the initial of the future spouse. Another method of divination was for the inquirer to stick pips on her cheek, naming each for a possible husband. The one that stayed there longest denoted the mate to be. Or a pip similarly named could be placed on the bars of the fire, with the words: “If you love me, bounce and fly, If you hate me, lie and die.” Other activities included bobbing for apples, which remains popular today, as does snap apple which is trying to take a bite of an apple hanging on a string.
The Halloween tradition of the bonfire in Ireland is said to also have originated during Pagan times when the Celts lit huge fires on the hills so the spirits could find their way. It was also said that these fires would help to keep away evil spirits. Another old Irish Halloween tale says that if you drop a strand of your hair into the flames and dream of your future husband or wife to be, your dreams will come true!
For many centuries, Hallowe’en was a day of abstinence, when no meat was eaten. But that doesn’t mean Irish households didn’t enjoy the best of other foods. Even in the poorest of homes, the wife would make every effort to prepare a special meal for the family, and more prosperous neighbours would be certain to help her achieve it with gifts of milk, butter, vegetables and other ingredients.
A favourite traditional dish of yesteryear which is still popular is Colcannon and it’s very easy to make. Boiled potatoes are mashed and then mixed with cooked green cabbage and the mixture is then seasoned with salt and pepper to taste and a large hollow is made in the centre in which a generous amount of butter is placed to melt. Whether served in individual bowls or from a common dish, the custom is to dip a spoonful of the potato mixture into the butter before eating it.
However, the most famous of Halloween foods would have to be barmbrack, a yeasted fruit bread. I love a slice of brac, lightly toasted and slathered in salty butter.
These days you’re more likely to see ghoulish and garishly decorated sweet and savoury foods galore, but, I’m not all that good at decorating, sure, I haven’t the patience for it, so I went for a deep, dark chocolate ‘Ghoulyard’ layer cake, one which is devilishly easy bake. Despite the name this cake tastes heavenly - tender crumbed, filled and frosted with luscious chocolate ganache.
To get an almost black finish I used dark chocolate but you can use milk (or a combination) if you wish, I think this all dark version might be a bit too bitter for some children really.
Swap out the Halloween decorations and you could serve this cake any time of the year.
Chili Mac Halloween Stuffed Peppers
Halloween Food: Giant Sub Sandwich Halloween
Mummy Jalapeño Popper Crescent Rolls
Halloween Candy Dipped Spider Marshmallows
Gluten-Free, Vegan, Ghost Cupcakes
Instant Pot Halloween Spider Web Cheesecake
Halloween Wicked Witch Finger Cookies
Adorable Ghost Mini Muffins with Fondant
Stormy Hallows Eve Rum Halloween Cocktail
Witches Brew, A Kid-Friendly Halloween Punch
Back in the days before mass commercialism took over the festival and trick or treat became a somewhat dreaded rather than fun event (how many times do we open our local newspapers to see mass destruction in the name of trick or treat?), the evening would have been spent listening to seanchaí, stories of the past would be told along with ghost stories and Halloween games played. Turnips were the things to carve most typically too, they must have been much harder work than a pumpkin but just as, if not more, eerie.
From what I can remember I was never all that keen on going for the trick or treating but I did love the carving of the pumpkins.
Now here’s an interesting side note for you, according to Irish legend Jack-O-Lanterns were named for a man called Jack who couldn’t enter Heaven because he was a miser and couldn’t enter Hell because he’d played jokes on the Devil so he had to walk the earth forever with his lantern until Judgement Day. The fire burning within the lantern is supposed to ward away evil spirits.
Calories
1007.77Fat (grams)
78.29Sat. Fat (grams)
48.35Carbs (grams)
69.32Fibre (grams)
4.18Net carbs
65.15Sugar (grams)
43.54Protein (grams)
9.78Sodium (milligrams)
496.34Cholesterol (grams)
227.89
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